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networking:internet:apache-named-vhost [2018/12/31 14:11]
networking:internet:apache-named-vhost [2018/12/31 14:11] (huidige)
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 +====== Apache Name-based Virtual Hosting ======
 +
 +Note:\\
 +**The Configuration section in this document is outdated!**\\
 +**Please consult the official Apache documentation for actual config info.**
 +
 +==== 1. IP-based versus Name-based Virtual Hosting ====
 +
 +The Apache webserver supports two types of Virtual Hosting:
 +
 +  * IP-based Virtual Hosting
 +  * Name-based Virtual Hosting
 +
 +When using IP-based Virtual Hosting the webserver hosts multiple IP-addresses on its LAN card (IP-aliasing). All these IP-addresses refer to the same physical server. When a client (Webbrowser) refers to a particular IP-address the IP destination address in the IP-header will be distinctive however. The webserver can be set up such that it maps each IP-address to a different "​DocumentRoot"​. This is called "​IP-based Virtual Hosting"​.
 +
 +Name-based Virtual Hosting takes this concept one step further.
 +On a particular IP-address the webserver additionally can be configured to take
 +in account the "​Host"​ field of the HTTP/1.1 header:
 +((HTTP/1.0 (very old browsers) won't work, since there is no Host field.))
 +
 +      GET / HTTP/1.1
 +      Host: www.company2.com
 +      User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i586; en-US; rv:​0.9.9) ​ ...
 +      Accept: text/​xml,​application/​xml,​application/​xhtml+xml,​text/​ht ...
 +      ...
 +
 +This behaviour is called "​Name-based Virtual Hosting"​.
 +
 +==== 2. Example Apache Name-based Virtual Hosting ====
 +
 +File: /​etc/​apache/​httpd.conf:​
 +
 +      NameVirtualHost typhoon
 +
 +      <​VirtualHost typhoon>
 +           ​ServerName www.company1.com
 +           ​DocumentRoot /​var/​www/​company1
 +      </​VirtualHost>​
 +
 +      <​VirtualHost typhoon>
 +           ​ServerName www.company2.com
 +           ​DocumentRoot /​var/​www/​company2
 +      </​VirtualHost>​
 +
 +The first step is to enable "​Name-based Virtual Hosting"​ on a particular IP-address of the server. This is the role of the "​NameVirtualHost"​ directive. If the server has multiple IP-addresses,​ these addresses can be enabled for "​Name-based Virtual Hosting"​ using multiple "​NameVirtualHost"​ directives. As the argument of the directive an IP-address or a Hostname can be specified. \\  Note: If a Hostname is specified, the name must be resolvable into a server IP-address!
 +
 +The next step is adding <​VirtualHost > ... </​VirtualHost>​ containers for each "​NameVirtualHost"​. \\  Note that the argument string after "​ServerName"​ must exactly match the "​Host"​ field in the HTTP/1.1 header. Thus, when a client specifies a simple Hostname instead of the Fully Qualified Domain Name the "​ServerName"​ directive will not match and the server will default to the first "​DocumentRoot"​ for this IP-address.
 +
 +If an IP-address is enabled for "​Name-based Virtual Hosting"​ the main server "​DocumentRoot"​ will never be consulted when referring to this IP-address. Other directives e.g. <​Directory > ... </​Directory>​ containers remain in effect however. You can override these directives by repeating them in a <​VirtualHost > ... </​VirtualHost>​ container.
 +
 +
 +====== . ======
 +Copyright (C) 2003 Integrated Services; Tux4u.nl\\
 +Author: Ing.J.M.Waldorp\\
 +apache-named-vhost 20030514; 2013-11-08
 +
  
networking/internet/apache-named-vhost.txt ยท Laatst gewijzigd: 2018/12/31 14:11 (Externe bewerking)